Q1/2020 - NATO

NATO-Generalsekretär Jens Stoltenberg, Rede vor dem Europäischen Parlament, Brüssel, 21. Januar 2020

In einer Rede vor dem Außenpolitischen Ausschuss (Committee on Foreign Affairs/AFET) und dem Unterausschuss für Sicherheit und Verteidigung (Sub-Committee on Security and Defence/SEDE) des Europäischen Parlaments am 21. Januar 2020 in Brüssel ist NATO-Generalsekretär Jens Stoltenberg auch ausführlich auf die Cyberstrategie des Nordatlantikpaktes eingegangen. Künstliche Intelligenz, autonome Waffensysteme und Big Data seien Themen, mit denen sich die NATO auseinandersetze. Die neuen Technologien verändern den Charakter von Kriegen (Nature of Warfare). Angesichts der enormen Fortschritte Chinas in diesem Bereich sei es zwingend nötig, dass Europa und die USA eng kooperieren[1].

Stellvertretender NATO-Generalsekretär Mircea Geoană, Rede vor dem Hudson Institute, Washington, 7. Februar 2020

Auch der neue stellvertretende NATO-Generalsekretär Mircea Geoană hat sich bei seinem Antrittsbesuch in Washington in einer Rede vor dem „Hudson Institute“ am 7. Februar 2020 zu diesem Thema geäußert. Wie Stoltenberg verwies er auf den sich ändernden Charakter von Kriegen als Folge der technischen Revolution. Neue, internet-basierte Dienste und Anwendungen eröffneten große Möglichkeiten, brächten aber auch Gefahren mit sich. Dem müsse sich ein Verteidigungsbündnis wie die NATO stellen. Jahrzehntelang sei die führende Rolle des Westens im Bereich technischer Innovation (auch für den militärischen Bereich) unangefochten gewesen. Mit dem Aufstieg Chinas zu einer „Cybersuperpower“ würde sich das ändern. Das Problem sei, dass man „Algorithmen“ nicht zählen könne wie Raketen oder Panzer. Daher brauche man mehr Transparenz und vereinbarte Regeln (We cannot count algorithms in the same way we do with warheads, but we do need more transparency and predictability also in this field. We need, for example, new codes of conduct on the military application of these new technologies. We cannot have a system of global order without trying to have some norms)[2].

Mehr zum Thema
Q1/2020NATO
  1. [1] Remarks by NATO Secretary General Jens Stoltenberg at the European Parliament Committee on Foreign Affairs (AFET) and Sub-Committee on Security and Defence (SEDE), Brüssel, 20. Januar 2020: „So the third challenge I will briefly mention is new and emerging challenges. Technology, artificial intelligence, autonomous weapon platforms, big data. All these emerging technologies will change the nature of warfare as much as the industrial revolution. And we need all the ingenuity, all the capacity of both North America and Europe together to be at the forefront of that development to keep our technological edge. And this is also linked to the rise of China. Because China . . . normally, we have always had the technological edge. But the reality is that when you speak about, for instance, artificial intelligence, we see also that China is actually now investing a lot. And therefore, we need to work together also when it comes to technology and addressing the consequences of the rise of China. There are opportunities, but there are also some serious challenges. China now has the second largest defence budget in the world. Just over the last five years, they deployed 80 new battleships, naval ships. That’s as much as the total UK Navy, just addition for the Chinese Navy, over the last five years. Some . . . I meet, people, both in Europe and North America expressing concern about the size of China. Well, if you’re concerned about the size of China, then Europe and North America have to stand together, because together we have 50 per cent of world GDP or 50 per cent of the world military might. …. The idea is not to move NATO into the South China Sea. But the challenge is that China is coming closer to us: in cyberspace, in investing heavily in our critical infrastructure, in Africa, in the Artic. So we need to respond to the fact that China is coming closer to us. So, it’s not about moving NATO out, but also the fact that China is now developing weapon systems, which more and more are able to reach all Europe, all NATO Allied countries, including Europe.“, in: https://www.nato.int/cps/en/natohq/opinions_172822.htm?selectedLocale=en
  2. [2] Siehe: NATO Deputy Secretary General Mircea Geoană in discussion with Hudson Institute Senior Fellow Peter Rough at the Hudson Institute public event “NATO and the New Decade: Assessing the Transatlantic Alliance", Washington, 7. Februar 2020, „Probably never before, at least in recent modern human history, we have not seen so much change happening at the same time. Technological shifts, geopolitical shifts, evolutions within and outside of our societies. We see new disruptive technologies like Artificial Intelligence, facial recognition, automation, much of it from China. Technologies that are transforming our societies with incredible speed and are also changing the character, not only of human society but also of modern warfare. These are two sides of the same coin. Technologies can be a source of fantastic progress. They can also be a source of incredible complexity and danger. These new technologies can have strategic effects. Now, we cannot count algorithms in the same way we do with warheads, but we do need more transparency and predictability also in this field. We need, for example, new codes of conduct on the military application of these new technologies. We cannot have a system of global order without trying to have some norms, some form of organisation. Not only a traditional way of organising things, but also to the new things that are affecting, impacting at such velocity our societies. And something which is very important: we may no longer be able to take our technological edge – the political West – for granted. But there is no reason why we should not retain it. Open societies like the United States and all of us, where people are free to think and explore and collaborate will always, in the end, be better, more effective and more creative than closed societies. I’m convinced that we will prevail. I’m convinced that if we understand the complexity of the challenge and we stick together, I think there is no way in which authoritarian system of organised societies can prove to be more efficient, more productive and more satisfactory to human destinies than open societies and democracies., in: https://www.nato.int/cps/en/natohq/opinions_173209.htm?selectedLocale=en