Q2/2020 - US-amerikanische G7-Präsidentschaft

Absage G7-Gipfeltreffen

Das für den 23. und 24. Juni 2020 geplante jährliche G7-Gipfeltreffen in Camp David war zunächst als virtuelles Treffen annonciert wurde. Später sollte es doch noch als „reales Treffen“, aber in Washington D.C., stattfinden. Nachdem Bundeskanzlerin Merkel erklärt hatte, dass sie an einem solchen Treffen im Juni 2020 nicht persönlich teilnimmt, hatte US-Präsident Trump das Gipfeltreffen auf September 2020 verschoben, wobei er neben den G7-Staaten vier weitere Regierungen, darunter Russland und Indien, einladen wollte. Die irritierenden Vorschläge der US-amerikanischen G7-Präsidentschaft haben zu einer totalen Unübersichtlichkeit geführt, die alle in den letzten Jahren gewachsenen Mechanismen der G7  ̶ von G7-Ministerkonferenzen bis zu G7-Expertentagungen  ̶ durcheinandergebracht haben. 2021 übernimmt Großbritannien die G7-Präsidentschaft.

Videokonferenz der G7-Minister für Wissenschaft und Technologie, 28. Mai 2020

Am 27. Mai 2020 fand eine Videokonferenz der G7-Minister für Wissenschaft und Technologie statt. Die Konferenz nahm eine Erklärung „A Shared Vision for Science and Technology in Responding to the Pandemic“ an.

In der Erklärung wird auf die besondere Rolle der Digitalisierung bei der Bewältigung der Covid-19 Krise eingegangen. Zugang zu Breitband sei in einer solchen Krise eine fundamentale Notwendigkeit für die Bürger. Vereinbart wurde ein intensiverer Austausch von Erfahrungen in Bereichen wie Homeoffice, Fernlernen, Telemedizin etc.

Eine neue „G7-Partnerschaft für künstliche Intelligenz“ (GPAI) soll, aufbauend auf den Ergebnissen der G7-Präsidentschaft von Kanada (2018) und Frankreich (2019), die Multistakeholder-Zusammenarbeit fördern, um neue KI-basierte Instrumente zur Bewältigung weltweiter Krisen zu entwickeln (Responsible and human-centric development and use of AI in a manner consistent with human rights, fundamental freedoms, and our shared democratic values). Das Sekretariat der GPAI soll von der OECD gestellt werden. Die GPAI soll aus zwei „Centers of Expertise“ (in Montreal und Paris) bestehen[1].

Am 17. Juni 2020 verabschiedeten die G7-Außenminister ein gemeinsames Statement zur Lage in Hongkong, in der das neue chinesische Sicherheitsgesetz kritisiert wird[2].

Videokonferenz der G7-Finanzminister, 19. Mai 2020

Am 19. Mai 2020 fand eine Videokonferenz der G7-Finanzminister statt. Die Diskussion endete ohne abschließende Verlautbarung. In einem „Readout“ des US-amerikanischen Finanzministers Steven Mnuchin wird lediglich gesagt, dass „nationale und internationale Fragen der wirtschaftlichen Entwicklung in der Corona-Krise“ besprochen wurden. Hinweise auf die Diskussion zu den strittigen Fragen einer globalen Digitalsteuer oder der Zukunft des digitalen Handels enthält das Readout nicht[3].

 

Mehr zum Thema
Q2/2020G7
  1. [1] G7 Science and Technology Ministers' Declaration on COVID-19, 28. Mai 2020: „A Shared Vision for Science and Technology in Responding to the Pandemic, Protecting Human Health, and Promoting Social and Economic Recovery: Recognizing the impact that the COVID-19 pandemic has had on people's health, well-being, and livelihoods; Recognizing the G7 Leaders' Statement on COVID-19 expressing the need for a strongly coordinated international approach, based on science and evidence, consistent with our democratic values, including encouraging science, research, and technology cooperation and utilizing the strengths of private enterprise; Recognizing the COVID-19 Response Statement of the G-20 Digital Ministers highlighting the important role of advanced technologies for fighting pandemics and other crises;… Understanding the particular importance of collecting and providing public access to validated pandemic-related data while maintaining data security and privacy in accordance with relevant laws and regulations and maintaining citizens' trust in the use of their data;… Communicating the need for researchers around the world to have timely access to the advanced experimental and computing resources and artificial intelligence (AI) tools necessary to solve the world's most challenging scientific problems, including epidemiological, cellular, and molecular modeling; analysis; bioinformatics; health outcomes research; and understanding the spread of communicable diseases; Recognizing the importance of secure and resilient digital infrastructure, including support for remote learning and working, health systems, virtual care and telehealth services, and job upskilling and reskilling programs;Recognizing the importance of multistakeholder contributions and the role that innovative businesses and start-ups can play in bringing new ideas and technologies to the public;… Recognizing the importance of shared values, including freedom of inquiry, merit-based competition, openness, transparency, and reciprocity, as well as the protection of human rights and fundamental freedoms, privacy, and democratic values in international cooperation; The G7 Science and Technology Ministers intend to work collaboratively, with other relevant Ministers to: 1. Enhance cooperation on shared COVID-19 research priority areas, such as basic and applied research, public health, and clinical studies. Build on existing mechanisms to further priorities, including identifying COVID-19 cases and understanding virus spread while protecting privacy and personal data; developing rapid and accurate diagnostics to speed new testing technologies; discovering, manufacturing, and deploying safe and effective therapies and vaccines; and implementing innovative modeling, adequate and inclusive health system management, and predictive analytics to assist with preventing future pandemics. 2. Make government-sponsored COVID-19 epidemiological and related research results, data, and information accessible to the public in machine-readable formats, to the greatest extent possible, in accordance with relevant laws and regulations, including privacy and intellectual property laws. Identify research results, data, and information crucial to addressing the current COVID-19 pandemic response and to preventing potential future pandemics, in an effort to advance research, clinical care, public health, and public communication. Identify current data gaps, make anonymized data findable, accessible, interoperable, and reusable, and recognize the importance of open science, which increases public accessibility to research results and data. Exchange best practices and lessons learned on the ethical and transparent use of data in the COVID-19 response and beyond. Share tools and methods for responsible use of data, and for more transparent, participatory, and accountable use of data, recognizing ongoing initiatives, including on repositories. 3. Strengthen the use of high-performance computing for COVID-19 response. Make national high-performance computing resources available, as appropriate, to domestic research communities for COVID-19 and pandemic research, while safeguarding intellectual property. Enhance cooperation between G7 partners and ongoing initiatives, such as the COVID-19 High Performance Computing Consortium, the Partnership for High Performance Computing in Europe, and the High-Performance Computing Infrastructure in Japan. 4. Launch the Global Partnership on AI, envisioned under the 2018 and 2019 G7 Presidencies of Canada and France, to enhance multi-stakeholder cooperation in the advancement of AI that reflects our shared democratic values and addresses shared global challenges, with an initial focus that includes responding to and recovering from COVID-19. Commit to the responsible and human-centric development and use of AI in a manner consistent with human rights, fundamental freedoms, and our shared democratic values. 5. Exchange best practices to advance broadband connectivity; minimize workforce disruptions, support distance learning and working; enable access to smart health systems, virtual care, and telehealth services; promote job upskilling and reskilling programs to prepare the workforce of the future; and support global social and economic recovery, in an inclusive manner while promoting data protection, privacy, and security.“, in: http://www.g7.utoronto.ca/science/2020-declaration.html
  2. [2] G7 Foreign Ministers' Statement on Hong Kong, 17. Juni 2020, http://www.g7.utoronto.ca/foreign/200617-hongkong.html
  3. [3] Readout from a Treasury Spokesperson on Secretary Mnuchin's Call with G7 Finance Ministers, Washington, 19. Mai 2020: „U.S. Treasury Secretary Steven T. Mnuchin held a call with his counterparts from Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, the United Kingdom, the European Commission, and the Eurogroup. G7 Finance Ministries remain in regular contact to coordinate on timely and effective actions in response to the economic fallout of the COVID-19 pandemic. The Finance Ministers discussed domestic and international economic responses underway and strategies to accelerate economic activity as our economies begin reopening, in line with necessary health and safety measures“, in: http://www.g7.utoronto.ca/finance/200519-readout.html