NATO has increasingly addressed the issue of cyber security since the cyber attacks against Estonia in 2007. At the NATO summit 2014 in Wales, it was recognised for the first time that cyber defence was an important part of NATO's core task of collective defence. At the NATO summit in Warsaw in 2016, it was established that cyber attacks on a state were to be judged similarly to attacks with conventional weapons. Consequently, cyber troops had to be set up, which had to be placed on an equal footing with land, sea and air forces.
NATO operates a Cooperative Cyber Defence Centre of Excellence (CCDCOE) in the Estonian capital Tallinn. In 2013, the Tallinn Manual on the International Law Applicable to Cyber Warfare was published. It gives recommendations on the extent to which existing legal instruments (Geneva Convention on International Humanitarian Law), which regulate, among other things, the protection of the civilian population in armed conflicts, should apply to cyberspace.
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Conference Reports on: NATO